Computer Networks Introduction Guide: Master Network Core Principles for Newbies
Computer Network Fundamentals
Computer System Overview
Computer Network Classification and Topology Structure
- Categorized by Geographic Scope: Local Area Network (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), Internet (Internet)
- Classifying by Transmission Technology: Broadcast Networks, Point-to-Point Networks
- Common Topologies: Advantages and Disadvantages of Star, Bus, Ring, Tree, and Mesh Networks
Core Performance Indicators of Computers - 2
Network Architecture and Protocols
Basic Concepts of Network Architecture
OSI/RM Reference Model
TCP/IP Reference Model
Physical Layer
Physical Layer Overview
- Core Functions of the Physical Layer: Transparent Bitstream Transmission
- The Primary Tasks of the Physical Layer: Characterizing Transmission Media, Defining Interface Characteristics, and Synchronizing Clocks
- Interface Characteristics of the Physical Layer: Mechanical, Electrical, Functional, and Procedural Aspects
Transmission medium
- Guided Transmission Media: Structure and Advantages & Disadvantages of Twisted Pair, Coaxial Cable, and Fiber Optic Cable
- Non-Directional Transmission Media: Applications of Radio Waves, Microwaves, Infrared, and Laser
- Performance Comparison of Transmission Media: Bandwidth, Transmission Distance, and Interference Resistance
Physical Layer Devices and Encoding Modulation
Data Link Layer
Data Link Layer Overview
- Core Functions of the Data Link Layer: Encapsulating Physical-Layer Bit Streams into Frames and Ensuring Reliable Transmission
- The Main Tasks of the Data Link Layer: Frame Synchronization, Error Control, Flow Control, and Link Management
- Services at the Data Link Layer: Unacknowledged (Unreliable), Acknowledged (Reliable) without Connection, and Acknowledged with Connection
Frame Encapsulation and Error Control
Network Layer
Network Layer Overview
IP Address and Subnet Division
Network Layer Core Protocol
Routing and Congestion Control
Transport Layer
Transport Layer Overview
- Core Functions of the Transport Layer: Providing End-to-End Reliable/Unreliable Data Transmission Services for Application Layers
- Key Functions of the Transport Layer: Port Management, Error Control, Flow Control, and Congestion Control
- The Difference Between the Transport Layer and the Network Layer: End-to-End vs. Point-to-Point
UDP protocol
TCP protocol
- Characteristics of the TCP Protocol: Connection-Oriented, Reliable Transmission, Byte Stream Oriented, Full-Duplex
- Structure of TCP Message Segments: A Detailed Explanation of Header Fields (Sequence Number, Acknowledgement Number, Flags)
- The Core Mechanisms of TCP: Three-Way Handshake for Connection Establishment and Four-Way Handshake for Connection Termination
Application Layer
Application Layer Overview
- Core Functionality at the Application Layer: Providing Network Communication Services for Specific Applications
- Characteristics of Application Layer Protocols: Encapsulation of Specific Business Logic Based on TCP/UDP Protocols
- Core Concepts in Application Layer: Client/Server (C/S) Model and Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Model