Groovy Control Structures: Detailed Explanation

Groovy supports various program control structures, including conditional statements and loops.
Here are some common program control structures in Groovy along with examples:

• if-else statement: Executes different code blocks based on conditions.

def age = 18
if (age >= 18) {
    println("You are an adult")
} else {
    println("You are a minor")
}

• switch statement: Executes different code blocks based on different values.

def grade = "B"
switch (grade) {
    case "A":
        println("Excellent")
        break
    case "B":
        println("Good")
        break
    case "C":
        println("Fair")
        break
    default:
        println("Invalid grade")
}

• for loop statement: Iterates over data structures such as lists or arrays.

def list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
for (item in list) {
    println(item)
}

• while loop statement: Repeats a code block as long as a specific condition is met.

def i = 0
while (i < 5) {
    println(i)
    i++
}

• do-while loop statement: Executes a code block at least once, then repeats it if a specific condition is met.

def i = 0
do {
    println(i)
    i++
} while (i < 5)

• break statement: Exits the current loop.

def i = 0
while (i < 5) {
    if (i == 3) {
        break
    }
    println(i)
    i++
}

• continue statement: Skips the remaining code in the current iteration and proceeds to the next loop cycle.

def list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
for (item in list) {
    if (item == 3) {
        continue
    }
    println(item)
}

Please note that Groovy also supports nested control structures and other program control structures such as try-catch-finally statements.