Computer Networks in Computer Science English

Chinese Description: Computer networking is a technology that connects computers and other devices together through communication systems to achieve data transmission and resource sharing. It enables mutual communication and information exchange between computers via wired or wireless connections. The development of computer networking has allowed computers globally to connect with one another, forming the vast Internet. The goal of computer networking is to realize efficient, reliable, and secure data transmission to meet people's needs for information exchange and resource sharing.
English Description: Computer networking is the technology that connects computers and other devices together to enable data transmission and resource sharing through a communication system. It enables computers to communicate and exchange information with each other through wired or wireless connections. The development of computer networking has led to the creation of a vast network of connected computers globally known as the Internet. The goal of computer networking is to achieve efficient, reliable, and secure data transmission to meet the needs of information exchange and resource sharing.

Network Models and Protocols

Chinese Description: The application layer is a hierarchical level in the computer networking model that provides interfaces for communication and interaction for applications. At this layer, computer applications communicate with the network through protocols; for example, the HTTP protocol facilitates communication between web browsers and servers.
English Description: The application layer is a network model layer in computer networking that provides communication and interaction interfaces for applications. At the application layer, computer applications communicate with the network through protocols. For example, the HTTP protocol is used for communication between web browsers and servers.

Chinese Description: The transport layer is a hierarchical level in the computer networking model responsible for reliable data transmission within the network. Common transport layer protocols include TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol).
English Description: The transport layer is a network model layer in computer networking that is responsible for reliable data transmission in the network. Common transport layer protocols include TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol).

Chinese Description: The network layer is a hierarchical level in the computer networking model that handles routing and forwarding of data packets. The commonly used protocol at this layer is IP (Internet Protocol).
English Description: The network layer is a network model layer in computer networking that handles routing and forwarding of data packets. The commonly used network layer protocol is IP (Internet Protocol).

Chinese Description: The data link layer is a hierarchical level in the computer networking model responsible for transmitting data frames between adjacent nodes. Common protocols at this layer include Ethernet protocols.
English Description: The data link layer is a network model layer in computer networking that is responsible for transmitting data frames between neighboring nodes. Common data link layer protocols include Ethernet protocols.

Chinese Description: The physical layer is a hierarchical level in the computer networking model dealing with actual physical transmission media, such as cables and fiber optics.
English Description: The physical layer is a network model layer in computer networking that deals with the actual physical transmission media, such as cables and fiber optics.

Chinese Description: DNS (Domain Name System) is a service in computer networking that translates domain names into corresponding IP addresses, enabling users to access websites using easy-to-remember domain names.
English Description: DNS (Domain Name System) is a service in computer networking that translates domain names into corresponding IP addresses, allowing users to access websites using memorable domain names.

Chinese Description: The World Wide Web is a service based on the Internet that allows users to browse and access various web pages and resources online by utilizing tools such as HTTP protocol and web browsers.
English Description: The World Wide Web is a service based on the Internet that allows users to browse and access various web pages and resources on the Internet using tools such as HTTP protocol and web browsers.

Chinese Description: CDN (Content Delivery Network) is a technology that provides high-speed content delivery and transmission by deploying servers globally. It can cache and distribute static and dynamic content, thereby improving user access speed and performance for websites and applications.
English Description: CDN (Content Delivery Network) is a technology that provides high-speed content delivery and transmission by deploying servers across the globe. CDN can cache and distribute static and dynamic content to improve user access speed and performance for websites and applications.

Chinese Description: A digital signature is a technology used to verify data integrity, ensure authenticity, and authenticate identity. It employs public-key encryption algorithms to generate encrypted digests, ensuring the immutability of data and the authenticity of the sender.
English Description: Digital signature is a technology used to verify and ensure data integrity and identity authentication. It uses public-key encryption algorithms to generate encrypted digests to ensure the integrity of data and the authenticity of the sender.

Chinese Description: Encryption and decryption are techniques that transform data into an unreadable format using cryptographic algorithms to protect data security and privacy. The encryption process converts plaintext into ciphertext, while the decryption process reverses the ciphertext back into plaintext.
English Description: Encryption and decryption are techniques used to transform data into an unreadable format using cryptographic algorithms to protect the security and privacy of data. The encryption process transforms plaintext into ciphertext, while the decryption process reverses the ciphertext back into plaintext.