Computer Architecture

1. Computer Architecture: Refers to the conceptual structure and functional attributes of a computer;
2. Computer Organization: Refers to the logical implementation of computer architecture, including the composition of data flow and control flow within the machine as well as their logical design (often referred to as Principles of Computer Organization);
3. Computer Implementation: Refers to the physical realization of computer organization.

Classification of Computer Architecture

1. Classified macroscopically by the number of processors, they are divided into uniprocessor systems, multiprocessor and parallel processing systems, and distributed processing systems:

   ① Uniprocessor System: Utilizes a single processor unit in conjunction with other external devices to realize functional relationships such as storage, computation, communication, input, and output.

   ② Parallel Processing and Multiprocessing Systems: To fully exploit the parallelism of processing during problem solving, two or more processors are interconnected to communicate and coordinate with each other so that they can jointly solve a large-scale problem; this constitutes a computer system.

   ③ Distributed Processing System: Refers to multiple computer systems that are physically distant and loosely coupled.

2. Classified microscopically by the degree of parallelism, there exist Flynn's classification scheme, von Neumann's classification scheme (note: "冯泽云" is likely a transliteration error for John von Neumann), Handler's classification scheme, and Kuck's classification scheme.